When
male fertility is examined, a male
factor "issue" is found in 30% of couples, and a contributing male
factor is involved in 50% of couples. Besides being the cause of
the problem, another reason to evaluate men for infertility is because it may be a symptom of significant but
otherwise silent disease.
Male
Fertility Diagnosis and Treatment
1.
Male Infertility Evaluation
Diagnosis
After 12
months of trying to conceive,you should consult your gynecologist for a
referral to a fertility specialist. A series of tests will need to be performed
on you and your partner. They will give clues to the particular cause of your
infertility and ultimately a treatment plan to overcome the problem.
Firstly,
the specialist will look at both your medical histories. For the woman, this
includes any previous pregnancies, regularity of periods, painful periods,
pelvic pain, infections, or surgery. For the man this will include whether he
has fathered children previously, testicular injury, developmental problems,
infections, surgery and exposure to certain environmental factors.
A
physical examination will also be performed which may include:
·
Blood tests. A series of tests will be performed to establish if
there is a hormonal basis for your infertility that may be corrected by
hormonal supplements. You may also be tested for rubella, blood group, sperm
antibodies and sexually transmitted diseases such as HIV, Hepatitis B and
Hepatitis C.
·
Ultrasound examination. This examination will give information
on what the ovaries and uterus look like. Your doctor will look at the growth
of eggs, the thickness of the lining of the uterus (if thin, it can indicate
hormonal problems), the presence of fibroids or polyps on the uterus, as well
as signs of endometriosis or ovarian cysts. Surgical laparoscopey may also be
used to identify endometriosis or blocked fallopian tubes.
·
Semen analysis. A semen sample from the man is required to
assess the number of sperm, how well they swim (known as 'motility') and their
fertilisation capacity.
2.Get
a Second Opinion
Although
medical advice can get complex, for the most part, the discussion that you have
with your doctor should make sense to you and you have a right to have all of
your questions answered so that it does make sense to you. Click here…
3.
Spermatogenesis
Sperm
production is hormonally driven. Brain hormones govern sperm production and are
precisely controlled. The male genitalia are responsible for sperm and
ejaculate production.
4.
Oligospermia
Oligospermia
is a male fertility issue defined as a low sperm concentration in the
ejaculate. Low sperm concentration or “sperm count” is the number of sperm in a
prescribed volume of ejaculate.
5.
Azoospermia
Azoospermia
is the complete lack of sperm in the ejaculate. It occurs in 5% of infertile
men. If this is the case, then one or both of two conditions may be present. Read
more...
6.
Testis Biopsy
A testis
biopsy is helpful in many cases of azoospermia. If an evaluation of azoospermia
is not clearly showing whether there is a problem with sperm production or one
of a blockage in the ducts of the reproductive tract, then the next step is to
examine the testis itself and assess sperm production.
7.
Non-Surgical Male Fertility Treatment
Only
about 20% of young men actually know the exact time to have sex during the
female cycle to achieve a pregnancy. The critical period can be assessed by
either basal body temperature charting or home kits that detect the LH surge in
the urine immediately (24 hours) prior to ovulation.
8.
Surgical Male Fertility Treatment
Surgical
treatment options include varicocele repair, ejaculatory duct resection and
vasectomy reversal. What is nice about surgical treatments for male infertility
is that they can "cure" the problem and allow for conception at home
and not in the laboratory. Read
more...
9.
Sperm Mapping
Sperm
Mapping is a technology that "maps" the location of sperm in the
testis. The technique is designed to benefit severely infertile men. It is a
minimally-invasive, non-surgical procedure performed under local anesthesia in
the office. With Sperm Mapping, Our Fertility specialists a determine if a man
with azoospermia (no sperm in the ejaculate) is a candidate for sperm retrieval
to have children. Sperm mapping also helps to minimize invasive testis sperm
retrievals and reduces the potential damage to the testis from these procedures.
10.
Sperm Retrieval
Sperm
retrieval procedures are designed to collect sperm from organs within the male
reproductive tract. First developed in 1985, sperm retrieval combined with in
vitro fertilization (IVF) and ICSI are invaluable for allowing infertile men
without ejaculated sperm the opportunity to be fathers. Our Urologists and
Fertility physicians have years of experience in sperm retrieval procedures and
pioneered many popular retrieval, minimally invasive methods that are used
today.
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